Laser surgery is a type of surgery in which special light beams replace surgical instruments. The operation of a laser can be traced back to Albert Einstein's theory of stimulated emission of radiation, and it incorporates other theories that assist in explaining local tissue damage. When a light beam strikes the skin, it can either be reflected, scattered, absorbed, or pass right through the skin's layers. Each layer of the skin uses light differently. Light is absorbed by certain areas of the skin known as chromophores. When these chromophores absorb light, they may cause physical, mechanical, chemical, or temperature changes in the tissue. Among the many types of lasers are carbon dioxide lasers, YAG (neodymium or yttrium aluminum garnet) lasers, and argon lasers. Each one works differently and can be used for a variety of treatments. It is possible to deliver laser light continuously or intermittently. The wavelength of the laser determines the target within the skin and the effect it may have.
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